Peanuts are an important oilseed crop and are widely cultivated globally. However, choosing the right variety is crucial for achieving high-quality peanut yields. So how do you select peanut varieties? Let's find out below.
1. Select according to planting pattern
For example, when planting under plastic film, choose varieties with high yield potential, early maturity, and large to medium-sized fruit; when intercropping wheat, choose varieties with short growing season, high and stable yield, and small to medium-sized fruit.
2. Select according to production purpose
For peanuts intended for boiling, large-kernel peanuts should be selected and cultivated using plastic film mulching. For peanuts intended for roasting, varieties with thin skins, large kernels, and a crisp texture should be chosen. For peanut oil , varieties with high oil yield should be selected.
3. Select according to soil fertility conditions
Fields are divided into high-yield fields and low-yield fields, some with fertile soil and others with infertile soil, so it is necessary to adapt to local conditions. Generally, peanut varieties that require high fertilizer and water can only realize their yield potential when planted in fertile and water-rich fields. Medium-maturing, large-fruited, upright, and high-yielding varieties can be selected for fields with deep soil, loose texture, and good fertilizer and water retention. If the soil has poor fertilizer and water conditions, upright and high-yielding varieties should be selected.
4. Select according to the farming system
In northern regions, large-fruited varieties should be selected for spring sowing. For intercropping, large-fruited or small-fruited varieties should be selected based on the length of the growing season. Small-fruited varieties should be selected for summer sowing of peanuts. In areas south of the Yangtze River and in Northeast China, where the peanut growing season is shorter, small-fruited varieties should be selected.
5. Choose based on unfavorable conditions
Peanut cultivation often faces numerous unfavorable growth conditions, including natural and biological disasters. Therefore, when selecting varieties, it is essential to choose those with appropriate resistance. In particular, highly resistant varieties should be selected in areas prone to bacterial wilt, such as Yuanza 9102, Zhonghua 21, Zhonghua 6, Quanhua 551, and Yueyou 40. In areas prone to pod rot, varieties with strong disease resistance can be selected, such as Zhonghua 6, Guihua 1026, Yuanza 9102, Shanhua 9, and Hanghua 2.
