Cucumbers have relatively low temperature requirements for growth, and the entire growth process from seed germination to the end of development generally takes about 90-130 days. The cucumber growth process mainly consists of the following four stages:
1. Germination period
The growth of cucumbers during the germination period mainly involves seed development. From seed germination to the full unfolding of the cotyledons and the emergence of the first true leaf, it takes about 5-6 days. The optimal temperature for cucumber seed germination is 25-30℃, and the nutrients required during this period are entirely supplied by the seed itself. Therefore, plump, new seeds should be selected for production.
2. Seedling stage
The emergence of true leaves and cotyledons in cucumbers follows different patterns. Cotyledons emerge in pairs, while true leaves emerge one at a time. From the time the cotyledons flatten and the first true leaf appears until 5-6 leaves unfold and the vine begins to grow, it takes approximately 20-30 days. During this period, the seedling grows upright. When the cucumber seedling has 1-2 leaves, it differentiates a large number of leaf buds and flower buds; this is a crucial period for flower bud differentiation.
3. Planting period
After the fourth true leaf unfolds, the cucumber enters the seedling stage, a period of rapid vine growth. At this time, the cucumber transitions from vegetative to reproductive growth. It takes approximately 25 days from the appearance of the 5-6 leaflets to the opening of the first female flower. During this period, the plant adopts a vine-like growth pattern, exhibiting vigorous growth and transitioning from primarily vegetative to reproductive growth.
4. Flowering and fruiting period
The flowering and fruiting period of cucumbers begins after they start flowering and lasts until the vines are harvested. From the opening of the first female flower to the harvest, this period lasts 30-60 days or longer. The length of the fruiting period is closely related to the growing season and environment. The flowering and fruiting period for spring cucumbers is generally 50-60 days, while greenhouse- grown cucumbers have the longest fruiting period, lasting 6-8 months. This period is when nutrient supply is most intense.
