The specific growth cycle of tomatoes varies depending on factors such as variety, weather, and cultivation techniques, and growers need to determine this based on actual conditions. The tomato growth process includes the following four stages:
1. Germination period
The germination period is generally defined as the time from seed germination to the appearance of the first true leaf, which typically lasts about 7-9 days. Tomato seed germination is related to temperature, humidity, ventilation, and the thickness of the soil covering.
The optimal temperature for seed germination is 25-30℃, and sufficient moisture is required. Tomato seeds should be soaked for 6-8 hours. After absorbing enough water, under suitable temperature and good ventilation conditions, the seeds will germinate and develop roots in 36 hours, and cotyledons will appear in 2-3 days.
2. Seedling stage
The period from the appearance of the first true leaf to the emergence of large flower buds is generally referred to as the seedling stage. The seedling stage is the foundation for the differentiation and development of roots, stems, leaves, and flowers. If the temperature is suitable, the seedling stage generally takes about 50 days; if the temperature is relatively low, it generally takes about 60-80 days; and if the temperature is relatively high, it generally takes about 40 days.
3. Flowering and fruit setting period
The period from the appearance of large flower buds in the first inflorescence to fruit setting is generally called the flowering and fruit setting period. This stage usually takes about 15-30 days, but the specific time depends on factors such as variety and temperature.
4. Results period
The fruiting period of tomatoes lasts from the first inflorescence setting until harvest. The ovary begins to swell 3-4 days after pollination, with the fastest growth occurring between 7-20 days. The fruit reaches its maximum size around 30 days later, after which the rate of expansion slows down. Coloring begins around 40-50 days, and the fruit reaches maturity. During this period, the vine and fruit grow simultaneously, so it is essential to strengthen water and fertilizer management, and perform pruning and thinning to achieve high yields.
