Blueberries are a popular fruit , and some people cultivate them using their own seedlings. So how are blueberry seedlings propagated? There are various methods for propagating blueberries, among which cuttings are the main method. Let's learn about it below.
1. Blueberry cuttings
Blueberry propagation primarily uses hardwood and greenwood cuttings. However, the suitable cutting method varies depending on the cultivar. Most highbush blueberries are propagated primarily using hardwood cuttings, rabbiteye blueberries primarily using greenwood cuttings, and lowbush blueberries using both hardwood and greenwood cuttings.
2. Preparation of cuttings
Hardwood cuttings should be taken from mature plants of superior varieties that are healthy, vigorous, and free from pests and diseases. The cuttings should be hard, mature, and healthy, avoiding young branches that are susceptible to frost damage. It is best to select branches from the lower part of the plant or the lower sections of the branches for cuttings.
3. Cutting time
Cuttings are mostly taken in March or April before the branches sprout. Sprouting consumes organic nutrients, which can hinder root development. Cuttings can be planted immediately after being cut, ensuring their viability and saving on storage costs.
4. Seedbed preparation
Common substrates for blueberry cuttings include humus, moss, peat moss, sawdust, and river sand. In China, mixed substrates are generally used for seedling cultivation. A high survival rate is achieved by thoroughly mixing peat moss and moss in a 1:1 ratio, or by thoroughly mixing peat moss, sawdust, and moss in equal parts.
5. Cuttings method
The optimal time is mid-April. Before taking cuttings, thoroughly water the substrate to ensure sufficient moisture, but avoid waterlogging. Insert the cuttings vertically at 5 cm x 5 cm intervals, with the uppermost leaf bud protruding above the substrate surface and the remaining approximately 2/3 submerged in the mixed substrate. The average rooting rate can reach 70.6%.
6. Post-insertion management
After cutting, the seedlings need to be managed to ensure they are in optimal growth conditions. Immediately after planting, spray the cutting bed with water at 15-20℃, soaking it to a depth of 12-15 cm. From planting to rooting takes approximately 25-30 days. During this period, uncover the film or netting every 2-3 days in the morning and spray water depending on the substrate moisture. After planting, nutrient management is crucial, focusing on promoting root growth and seedling development. However, excessive root promotion at this stage should be limited, as it can hinder overwintering. When the blueberry seedlings reach 30 cm in height, begin using a water-soluble fertilizer specifically formulated for blueberry growth. Apply 10 kg per acre each time, for three consecutive applications.
